Xerostomia is the subjective sensation of dry mouth, often (though not always) accompanied by actual hyposalivation (reduced saliva production). Common causes of xerostomia include side effects of many medications (e.g., antihypertensives, antidepressants), radiation therapy to the head and neck (which can damage salivary glands), systemic diseases like Sjögren’s syndrome (an autoimmune condition attacking salivary glands), or simply dehydration and aging-related salivary changes. Saliva plays a crucial role in oral health, comfort, and communication: it lubricates the oral tissues, aids in bolus formation and swallowing, facilitates taste, and even contributes to speech articulation. When a patient has xerostomia, they may report difficulties in swallowing dry foods, constant thirst, altered taste, and even changes in voice or speech clarity. From the SLP perspective, xerostomia is most relevant in dysphagia management and voice therapy.
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