The prototypical dysarthria of Parkinson’s disease (basal ganglia dysfunction), characterized by monotonous, soft, and slurred speech. Key features include reduced vocal loudness (hypophonia) and pitch variability, short rushes of speech with accelerated or festinating rhythm, and imprecise consonant articulation due to reduced range of motion in articulators. A breathy or hoarse voice is common, and patients often have reduced facial expression (hypomimia) – all hallmarks that distinguish hypokinetic dysarthria from other types of dysarthria.
Sapmaz Atalar, Merve, Ozlem Oguz, and Gencer Genc. "Hypokinetic Dysarthria in Parkinson’s Disease: A Narrative Review." Medical Bulletin of Sisli Etfal Hospital 57, no. 2 (2023).
