Conversion disorders, now termed Functional Neurological Symptom Disorders (FND), involve neurological symptoms (e.g., voice loss, stuttering) without a medical explanation. Symptoms are real and involuntary, often triggered by psychological stress. In SLP contexts, these may include psychogenic aphonia, mutism, or stuttering. Conversion symptoms can include loss of voice, unusual dysfluencies, or altered prosody. They may arise following trauma or significant emotional stress. Psychogenic forms of dysphonia and stuttering do not align with typical neurological profiles.
SLPs often encounter conversion symptoms during voice evaluations. Differential diagnosis requires medical ruling out of organic causes. Patients typically respond well to behavioral voice therapy once the condition is explained empathetically.
Treatment involves interdisciplinary care, including psychotherapy and SLP intervention. Behavioral strategies can quickly restore phonation or fluency. SLPs also educate patients and coordinate follow-up to prevent recurrence.
Peeling, Jessica L., and Maria R. Muzio. “Functional Neurologic Disorder (Conversion Disorder).” In StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island, FL: StatPearls Publishing, updated 2023.
Sielska, Agata, et al. “Psychogenic Voice Disorders: Literature Review and Personal Experiences.” International Journal of Depression and Anxiety 2, no. 015 (2019).
Baker, Janet, et al. “Management of Functional Communication, Swallowing, Cough and Related Disorders: Consensus Recommendations for Speech-Language Therapy.” Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 92, no. 10 (2021).
