Sound repetitions are disfluencies in which an individual repeats a single phoneme or sound, often at the beginning of a word (e.g., "c-c-cat"). These are a hallmark of early stuttering and can disrupt speech fluency and listener perception. SLPs assess whether sound repetitions are developmentally appropriate or indicative of a fluency disorder. Treatment may include fluency shaping techniques and counseling to address emotional responses. Managing sound repetitions is critical to developing confident, fluent communicators.
Bloodstein, O., and Bernstein Ratner, N. A Handbook on Stuttering. 6th ed. Delmar Cengage Learning, (2008).
Yairi, E., and Seery, C. H. Stuttering: Foundations and Clinical Applications. 3rd ed. Pearson, (2021).
